Take a step back in time at Newgrange

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Newgrange

Photo by NEWGRANGE.COM

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• Video / A tour around the Newgrange / Click here

• Gallery / Ireland's ancient sites / Click here

Newgrange in County Meath, Ireland, is one the most famous prehistoric sites in the world for good reason. It’s constructed in such a way that at dawn on the shortest day of the year (the winter solstice) a narrow beam of sunlight illuminates the floor of the structure’s inner chamber just after sunrise, filling the long passageway with a bright shaft of sunlight. 

It’s a marvel of early astronomy that never fails to amaze because Newgrange actually predates the great pyramid of Giza in Egypt by at least 500 years. Built somewhere between 3100 and 2900 B.C., the famous passage tomb at Newgrange is estimated to be approximately 5,000 years old, even predating Stonehenge in Britain by 1,000 years. 

The sophistication of the passage tombs design, aligned to mark the passage of the sun in less than twenty minutes on December 21st - the shortest day of the year - is still a cause for wonder in those lucky enough to book tickets allowing them into the tomb to attend the annual event. 

The sunlight enters the passage through a specially contrived opening, known as a roofbox, directly above the main entrance. Although solar alignments are not all that uncommon among prehistoric passage graves, Newgrange is one of few to contain the additional roofbox above the passage entrance, a sophisticated construction allowing the light to hit the floor of the inner chamber. 

On the 21st of December the first light enters about four minutes after sunrise, but calculations based on the precession of the Earth show that 5,000 years ago first light would have entered exactly at sunrise. That makes the solar alignment at Newgrange very precise compared to similar phenomena at other passage graves in England and Scotland. 

The structure itself lay hidden beneath the earth for over 5,000 years due to mound slippage, which effectively preserved it, until its rediscovery in the late 17th century, when men looking for building stone came across what they thought was a cave. 

It wasn’t until 1975 that Newgrange was fully excavated and largely restored under the supervision of Professor Michael J. O’Kelly from the Department of Archaeology at University College, Cork. (Professor O’Kelly was the first person in modern times to observe this event on December 21, 1967) 

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