The Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington D.C. has been accused by a major Irish scholar of rewriting Irish history to make it far more favorable to the British perspective in their new exhibit entitled “Nobility and Newcomers in Renaissance Ireland.”
Ironically, the Irish government has been supportive of the exhibition which runs through May and will be in D.C. over the St. Patrick’s period.
Cóilín Owens, Professor Emeritus, George Mason University, is the editor of three books on Irish literature, language, and drama and has written to the library strongly protesting how the major exhibit treats the Irish.
Among other claims he says the exhibit says that the Flight of the Earls, one of the most tragic eras in Irish history, was undergone voluntarily by the Irish chieftains taking up opportunities elsewhere, instead of being driven out by the British after the Battle of Kinsale.
That’s “About like saying Sitting Bull abandoned Dakota or the Jews abandoned their homes in Germany," said Stella O’Leary, a major irish community figure in Washington D.C. and head of Irish American Democrats.
“We all agree to a new era of friendship but not to the rewriting of history.
The Jews talk to the Germans but don't consider the Holocaust a "civilizing movement."
Owens claims that far from being a benign presence during the period the British intent was ethnic cleansing,
“If honestly presented, even many of the documents on view demonstrate that the major object of this entire enterprise was what is now euphemized as ethnic cleansing.”
“I protest the theme and tenor of the exhibition entitled which opened last week at the Folger Shakespeare Library.” he writes.
“Purporting to represent Anglo-Irish relations, cultural and political, between 1580 and 1700, its major claim is that the period was not marked by conflict but by 'cooperation.' If this be so, the lexicographers have deceived us.
“The long century in question was perhaps the most violent and destructive in the catalog of Ireland’s tragic history. During this period, the longtime residents were subject to the largest land confiscation and (even including the Great Famine of the 1840s), the largest proportional loss of population ever.
“The systematic destruction of the native polity and the institutions it patronized—legal, political, cultural, and religious—put an end to a civilization older than that of its rapacious conquerors.
“A succession of wars, rebellions, and massacres resulted in the disappearance of over half a million people: into violent death, European exile, or slavery in Barbados. The Penal Laws enacted at the end of this period reduced the remaining population to virtual slaves. The colonial endeavors of the 'nobility' and 'newcomers' had neither the intention nor the effect of 'civilizing' Ireland, but of turning its resources to their exclusive economic benefit.
“The exhibition alleges that this small island, which had an advanced civilization for a millennium before the century in question was 'at the edge of the known world,' and was in need of a Protestant reformation, an Anglicized 'pacification,' and benign 'investment.' It represents the native Irish as 'exotic,' 'fantastical,' and 'intractable.'
“It proposes that the Irish chieftains freely abandoned their ancestral lands for Continental opportunities. It they had any values worth defending, this exhibition does not consider them worthy of mention. Instead, we get complacent colonial disinformation.
“We are repeatedly told that all of this was conducted in the spirit of humanism, improvement, and ennoblement. This despite the preponderance of the historical evidence—excluded from the exhibition—that it was a brutal military conquest.The corner stone of the British Empire rests on these bones which, current political necessities aside, will not lie still.”
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Switch to the desktop site to post a comment.pinkdaylily | Feb 28, 2013, 08:44 AM EST
As a descendant of Hugh the Red, one of the Earls. who, btw, is buried in Rome where he went to seek help from the Pope.. (we know what happened next). I might go see the exhibit.. Isn't most of the history of Ireland's past written by the country that did the most to crush it? So grain of salt everyone.. pictures might still be beautiful.. just not the words describing what I am seeing..
Maureen Hawkins | Feb 26, 2013, 08:58 PM EST
Anyone who doubts Dr. Owens' analysis should read Edmund Spenser's A View of the Present State of Ireland (1596), written while the English poet was in Ireland. As Wikipedia says, "Although it has been highly regarded as a polemical piece of prose and valued as a historical source on 16th century Ireland, the View is seen today as genocidal in intent." Do read it for yourself; his description of using a scorched earth policy to induce famine and his description of famine-starved Irish crawling out of the woods to die will stay with you. For shame on the Folger's! Obviously, they don't even read the contemporary sources, yet they consider themselves a major scholarly resource.
ProfPeteB | Feb 20, 2013, 07:09 PM EST
The Brits like all those who defeat others, always rewrite history. It that hatred comes form a fear and Guilt in which they must constantly make the defeated enemy which has never given up, seem weak, worse, and inferior. They do that because they know their own evil has been outed by the brightest people and try as they will, they can never shake the guilt or make informed people buy their BS. PS I am Not Irish, but my wife is. I am Italian American who grew up in an Italian, Irish, Jewish Neighborhood.
3westies | Feb 19, 2013, 11:43 PM EST
If you have not studied Irish andddd English Historey
RobinForester | Feb 14, 2013, 11:19 AM EST
(THE POTATO FAMINE, 1847) Where did the injustice come in: The landlords agents talked these people into agreeing to emigrate to Canada (America was closed to them because news of their extreme poverty, typhus fever and ill health had reached there) and, these agents offered to pay the boat fares for them to emigrate to Canada, having first loaded them up with cock and bull stories that Canada was the land of golden opportunity. When they agreed to emigrate all they obtained was a pittance in boat fares whilst the land owner obtained peaceful repossession of the land that these families had tenanted and nurtured for years, It could be argued that they should have had some security of tenure which catered for the crop blight. The trap entered they into was: the ships to Canada were wooden ships that were hardly sea worthy and poorly maintained, they did not have passenger cabins, adequate kitchens, toilets, water or food supplies and the passengers slept in the hold. One thing for certain was, if they were ill when they stepped aboard these death traps then by the time they arrived in Canada, up to 8% per cent of them would have been buried at sea or died within days of arrival. Canada was not the land of opportunity, it was an hard rock society with all that that entails. If you take into account these people were shipped across the Atlantic during 4 months of winter storms weather we endure, it makes you shudder at mans injustice to man. 1st section below.
RobinForester | Feb 13, 2013, 11:39 PM EST
Warrenpoint002: My own view on the Potato Famine is whether in strictly legal terms was an injustice committed to the Irish people,my answer is YES 43% and NO 57% per cent of the time, but if you were to ask me "Was a MORAL injustice done to the Irish citizenry" then the answer is yes, it was. Please take into account the following: At that time landlords from both sides, English and Irish, had sizable tenant rent debts going back 4 years or more. The tenants could not pay the rent because they had no job and no income and were destitute, understandable violence to rent collectors and bailiffs took place due to the number of tenant rent arrears evictions they participated in. Because these people were at their wits end with the famine and typhus fever problems, and 1/third of them needed urgent medical attention, therefore, it was a disgrace to chase them for their rent debt when so many were literally at deaths door. Contd below:
Smyrnian | Feb 13, 2013, 08:58 PM EST
I have serious reservations about the mental stability of one of these posters. Seriously.....
STEVENSTAR | Feb 13, 2013, 07:02 PM EST
@@ancavker | Feb 13, 2013, 09:35 AM EST ANCAVKER ... IM TAKING IT AS YOUR AMERICAN AS MOST OF THE POSTERS ON HERE ARE... WELL TALKING OF 'SLAUGHTER; LETS TALK ABOUT YOUR COUNTRY WHERE YOU HAVE THESE MASSIVE GUN CRIMES AND GUN TOTING AMERICANS WALKING INTO SHOPPING CENTERS AND SCHOOLS AND 'SLAUGHTERING' WOMEN AND LITTLE CHILDREN ON AN ALMOST MOTHLY BASIS ... THATS IS WHAT SHOULD BE WORRYING YOU AND TAKING UP YOUR TIME, FOR EXAMPLE TRYING TO CHANGE THE LAWS IN YOUR OWN 'CRAZY' COUNTRY... IM AN IRISHMAN AND I LIVE IN THE YEAR 2013 AND IM NOT COMING ON HERE DAY AFTER DAY AFTER DAY LISTENING TO AMERICANS TRYING TO STIR UP TROUBLE BETWEEN THE IRISH AND THE BRITISH ... ESPECIALLY NOWADAYS WHEN MOST OF US PUT THE PAST BEHIND US AND MOVED ON .. WE NOW HAVE PEACE IN MY COUNTRY ' GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT WHICH WE IRISH VOTED IN... I REALLY SUGGEST YOU TAKE YOUR COMMENTS THAT YOU COME ON HERE EVERY DAY TO MAKE AND TRY SPREADING A LITTLE PEACE AND HAPPINESS AND TRY JUST TRY KEEPING YOUR BITTER REMARKS TO YOURSELD BECAUSE AS AN IRISMAN I HAVE NO INTEREST IN PEOPLE LIKE YOU TRYING TO STIR THINGS IN MY COUNTRY !! TOWARDS OUR NEAREST NEIGHBORS ...CHEERS MATE!!
RobinForester | Feb 13, 2013, 01:37 PM EST
Q
ancavker | Feb 13, 2013, 09:35 AM EST
STEVEN:Now you are conpoaring Canadian American realtionship over the last two hundred years to the Irish British relationship over centuries. Americans were not slaughtering Canadians down through the centuries or vice versa. So much for your often mentioned Irish education. As far as the Irish language I think it is wonderful that so many Irish- Americans are learning it.
warrenpoint00 | Feb 13, 2013, 09:31 AM EST
There was one landlord in Ireland, born in Ireland ,of English extraction of course who had a habit of stopping his horse at the field where a once proud Irish land owner ,now a tenant to this despicable landlord, worked with his wife and daughter.This landlord proceeded to rape the young girl at the top of the field in the presence of her parents. This was the punishment meted out to this family by a foreign English socialite because the farmer was previously, found fishing the river to provide food for his family.The fishing rights were controlled by the English land lord as well of course, so it was illegal for an Irish man to fish in his own Irish river at the height of this great hunger in Ireland.One day though this English land lord met his fate at the hands of a few Irish boys, who proceeded to cut off the parts that gave this English tramp so much sadistic pleasure.Needless to say he died from his wounds after lingering in agony for a few months.There are countless stories handed down through the generations in Ireland of how the british, unsuccessfully planned the extinction of the Irish people through hunger,theft and torture, and we Irish should and will never forget that.
anglo-norman | Feb 12, 2013, 11:04 PM EST
STEVEN- Of course you have something better to do at 2 a.m in the morning?
seanomelb | Feb 12, 2013, 09:22 PM EST
A LITTLE INFO FOR FALLINGSTAR THE SECOND MOST SPOKEN LANGUAGE IN ENGLAND AND WALES IS POLISH ALL 500,000 THOUSAND OF THEM AND ANOTHER little secret Britain is also in recession. 1.21pm. BOZO
Smyrnian | Feb 12, 2013, 09:06 PM EST
Nobody reads ALL CAPS YELLING Stevenstar. No credibility.
STEVENSTAR | Feb 12, 2013, 09:00 PM EST
@@@@Jerry Kelly | Feb 11, 2013, 08:42 PM EST IM DELIGHTED YOU TOOK TIME OUT TO LEARN SOME IRISH OR DID YOU COPY AND PASTE THAT ? IM IRISH AND ILL HOLD MY HAND UP AND SAY I DONT SPEAK OR WRITE IT.. WHAT IS IT WITH AMERICANS HEY THEY ALWAYS TRY TO BE BIGGER AND BETTER THEN EVERYONE ELSE, ITS LIKE LOOK AT ME I CAN SPEAK IRISH AND THEN YOU CALL ME A WEST BRIT .. I MEAN HOW SILLY IS THAT MATE ? I KNOW NOTHING ABOUT INDIANA BUT AT LEAST ITS A MILLION MILES FROM IRELAND AND I HOPE YOU STAY THERE ;) ,, YOU SILLY MAN ... AS FAR AS IM CONCERNED WOULD YOU LIKE ME KNOCKING THE CANADIANS YOUR NEIGHBORS? SO YOU DONT KNOW MY NEIGHBORS WHO ARE THE BRITS !! AND GO AND HAVE ANOTEHR BIG MAC !!
STEVENSTAR | Feb 12, 2013, 08:53 PM EST
@ANGLO NORMAN ....AND I HAVE ONE WORD FOR YOU .. STOP STALKING EVERY COMMENT I POST ON HERE ... ITS GETTING VERY BORING YOU TAKING ME UP ON EVERYTHING I TYPE ... DONT YOU HAVE ANYTHING ELSE TO DO AT 2AM IN THE MORNING ?
anglo-norman | Feb 12, 2013, 08:49 PM EST
BUT I HAVE ONE WORD FOR YOU AND THATS "THE GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT" Not only can you not figure out the capslock thing but you have turned four words into one lol
STEVENSTAR | Feb 12, 2013, 08:33 PM EST
@@@@@IrishRyan | Feb 11, 2013, 11:56 PM EST MATE DONT GET YOUR 'PADDY; KNICKERS IN A TWIST DEAR :) YES IM VERY AWARE YOUR IRISH BUT I HAVE ONE WORD FOR YOU AND THATS ' GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT' ... YES I AM IRISH YOU SILLY MAN ... IM AS IRISH AS YOU ARE MATE AND MY HALF MY FAMILY ARE ENGLISH .. LET ME SEE WHEN YOU SIT HOME EVERYNITE DO YOU WATCH BRITISH TV ? DO YOU SHOP IN TESCO AND WHEN THERES A HUGE RECESSION LIKE WE HAVE DO YOU GO WORK IN LONDON LIKE THE MILLIONS OF OTHER IRISH INCLUDING MYSELF DID.. I LIVE IN CORK AND RIGHT NOW WE ARE 'SWAMPED WITH EASTERN EUROPEANS ..1 IN 4 POLISH NOW ON IRISH DOLE ..AND WE ARE RUN BY THE GERMANS AND BRUSSELS SO WHEN I HEAR NATIONALIST / GERRY ADAMS SEIN FEIN PEOPLE LIKE YOU .. I WANT YOU TO 'STAND UP MATE' AND PUT YOUR TIME AND ENERGY INTO WHATS HAPPENING IN 2013 AND COME OUT OF YOUR TIME WARP CAVE.. CAUSE ALL PEOPLE LIKE YOU DO IS GO ON AND ON AND ON AND ON ABOUT THE 'PAST' AND PEOPLE LIKE YOU PLAY ON AMERICANS & THEIR TIES TO THEIR PAST ANCESTARY WHICH YOU AND I KNOW MOST OF US COULDNT CARE LESS ONCE THEY COME OVER AND SPEND THEIR $$$ AND GO HOME AGAIN !!! MATE DO YOU OWN A SOUVENIR SHOP IN KILLARNEY OR DO YOU RUN A B&B UP BY SHANNON AIRPORT ;-) ..WAKE UP AND GET REAL U SILLY MAN!!
Frosty38 | Feb 12, 2013, 06:55 PM EST
When you cap your are yelling if you can't play nice remove yourself from here
Smyrnian | Feb 12, 2013, 06:34 PM EST
Not your son; way too old. Check your facts on the blight.
anglo-norman | Feb 12, 2013, 04:19 PM EST
Smyrnian- I look at the facts but you call it racism, how lazy of you son.
Smyrnian | Feb 12, 2013, 03:55 PM EST
Anglophile - your racism is getting in the way of your education and judgment. 'So called blight'? This is well known and proven. Enlighten yourself.
WoundedKnee | Feb 12, 2013, 03:20 PM EST
It's instructive to check out the catalog for this farce. There is no mention of mass murder and massacre (e.g Smerwick, Rathlin Island etc.). Instead, the catalog speaks of "scuffles'. Are these curators total nuts? The English invader slays hundreds of surrendering Irish and their allies and it is a "scuffle"? And the catalog goes on to say that the exhibition will "Investigate the political struggles of the period and the ways in which English and Irish cultures influenced each other". Utter fools. Irish culture did not influence English culture. Indeed as early as Shakespeare we can see anti-Irish racism at work. Others, such as Spenser wanted to exterminate all the Gaelic Irish. And this is what the nuts who organized this nonsense mean by Ireland "influencing" England? There is not the slightest evidence of interest on the part of English colonists in Irish culture at this time, a big contrast to the Spanish in Latin America. Let's demand that this farce be closed down now.
anglo-norman | Feb 12, 2013, 02:23 PM EST
During that so-called blight 52% of the landlords were Irish Catholic. Why couldn't the peasants get together & fish & hunt for food? Where was the beloved Catholic Church that time? I'm sure the Vatican wasn't short of a bob that time either.
merefalow | Feb 12, 2013, 09:11 AM EST
this little piece has got me more angry than almost any other piece of i have ever read.The brutality and evil of british conquest ,planting,and evil administration and attempted genocide will never be forgotten and utter crap like this rewritten propoganda should be challenged,refuted,and exposed for the fictitious lying propoganda IT IS.
merefalow | Feb 12, 2013, 09:00 AM EST
this little piece has got me more angry than almost any other piece of i have ever read.The brutality and evil of british conquest ,planting,and evil administration and attempted genocide will never be forgotten and utter crap like this rewritten propoganda should be challenged,refuted,and exposed for the fictitious lying propoganda IT IS.
Smyrnian | Feb 12, 2013, 08:02 AM EST
So Stevenstar spent a whole year in 'America' ! Clearly he has vast and wide ranging experience of American culture ascacresult.He does not even understand that 'America' (by which I assume he means the U.S.) is not a homogenous society hence people's ethnic background lies in another country hence the affiliation with Ireland, Italy, Germany etc. a great many Americans grew up with their grandparents language, cooking, social norms etc. which they naturally identify with. Get a life and an education Stevenstar. I am Irish born and live in the US and you are very wrong.
eiriamach | Feb 12, 2013, 04:38 AM EST
StevenStar and the British might not "get on like a house on fire" if he were to make a visit to the Folger Library. Folger Library staff are the caretakers -- a lot like high priests -- of invaluable historical British manuscripts. These cultural artifacts are precious to them. People who say that Americans have no appreciation for past cultures have never met an American librarian. Don't expect any accurate cultural memory or historical criticism from the Folger Library. What they do is more like worship.
IrishRyan | Feb 11, 2013, 11:56 PM EST
Stevenstar, your not Irish, anyone with half a brain would say your actually either a british loyalist pretending to be irish or your justt a west brit of some sort but anyway stevestar, i AM irish and i say to you to keep YOUR NOSE out of irish affairs. Americans, especially Irish Americans has been irelands only one and true friend through the centuries and our cousins in america are more than welcome in ireland, so stevenstar, keep your nose out of Irish-American affairs. As for this article, this is sickening, i've done alot of studying into history and without a doubt the TRUE and ACCURATE picture of irish-british history must be painted because the british must be held accountable for their crimes, not only in ireland but in other places too. Im not "backward" or looking back into the past but rewriting history is something which should never be done, the british have to be seen for what they are and what they are are what they themselves opted to make themselves, no one esle. The "Irish Famine" for example, is a lie, it wasnt a famine, it was a Genocide. Only one crop failed and that was the potato which the irish were reduced to living on soley for centuries due to, once again, the british.
Brenn69 | Feb 11, 2013, 11:26 PM EST
More devilish misinformation from the Anglo-American empire, nothing new here, really. Once again, IrishCentral.com has used the word "Famine" to describe the period in the 19th Century when Ireland was rich in grain, meats, fish, vegetables, dairy, etc...that's far from a "famine." Shameful speak. And to the blighter who's talking trash about culture in America in comments below, please do visit the City of New Orleans, and you will perhaps change your tune, for while there are many violent, ignorant, and despicable people in the USA, the same is true of all places, it seems to me. Peace, and come to New Orleans sometime, and you'll see yerself some culture, that's for sure. (And there's good eats at The Irish House on St. Charles, too).
Jerry Kelly | Feb 11, 2013, 08:42 PM EST
A Stevenstar, dá mba fhéidir leat do smaointe a chur síos as Gaeilge, b'fhéidir go mbeadh beagán measa agam duit. Go dtí sin, feictear dom nach ionat ach Brit Iartharach. Mise? Meiriceánach ó Indiana /// Stevenstar, if you could express your thoughts in Irish, maybe I'd have some respect for you. Until then, it seems to me you're just a West Brit. As for me, I'm an American from Indiana.
STEVENSTAR | Feb 11, 2013, 07:54 PM EST
HAVING LIVED IN AMERICA FOR A YEAR .. I FOUND IT CULTURELESS.. EMPTY.. AND SOULESS AND VERY PLASTC AND FALSE ... EVERYTHING REVOLVES AROUND THE DOLLAR AND MONEY MONEY MONEY !!!! ... THIS IS WHY THERE ARE LITERALLY MILLINS AND MILLIONS OF AMERICANS WHO 'CLAIM THEY ARE EUROPEAN.. THEY 'LATCH' ONTO THE ITALIAN.. IRISH... GERMAN.. ANCESTARY THING .. BECAUSE THEY HAVE NO REAL CULTURE OF THEIR OWN AND IF ONLY YOU PEOPLE CAME TO VISIT IRELAND AND MEET IRISH PEOPLE YOU'LL SOON REALISE HOW DIFFERENT WE ARE AND HOW DIFFERENT OUR CULTURES AND EVERYTHING ABOUT US IS SOOO DIFFERENT ... SO ALOT OF YOU ARE LIVING IN THIS DREAMY .. MYSTICAL IMAGE OF IRELAND AND IRELAND AND THE IRISH ARE A MILLION MILES AWAY FROM WHAT YOUR IMAGES OF IT ..!!
STEVENSTAR | Feb 11, 2013, 07:49 PM EST
I WISH ALL AMERICANS WOULD KEEP OUT F IRISH AFFAIRS .. WE IRISH AND THE BRITISH PEOPLE GET ON LIKE A HOUSE ON FIRE IF ONLY YOU AMERICANS WOULD KEEP YOUR OPINIONS TO YOURSELVES .... WE NEED MORE IRISH ON THIS BLOG LEAVING COMMENTS AND ... FOR ONCE AND FOR ALL STAND UP TO THESE SILLY AMERICANS AND THEIR SILLY COMMENTS .....
WoundedKnee | Feb 11, 2013, 04:27 PM EST
anglo-norman is an ignoramus. His belief that Irish priests promote a "gaelic" perspective shows that's he an utter clown who knows nothing about Ireland or Catholicism in Ireland.
Searlit | Feb 11, 2013, 03:21 PM EST
The Irish have been holding onto their culture, despite the attemps by England to destroy it. That is the truth and not some English historian's 'facts'. If you're an anglo-norman, you might have more allegiance to the Irish than the English.
anglo-norman | Feb 11, 2013, 03:07 PM EST
The Irish have re-written their own history to suit themselves also. Irish priests brainwashing Irish kids with their catholic-gaelic steeped perspective & propaganda. FACT.
WoundedKnee | Feb 11, 2013, 03:03 PM EST
"Most Irish Americans have no idea who Hugh O'Neill or Hugh O'Donnell are". You think most Irish people do? Rahogan, why should Irish Americans know more Irish history than the Irish do?
rahogan | Feb 11, 2013, 02:23 PM EST
We have done such a poor job with our History and an even worse job with our culture. Most Irish Americans have no idea who Hugh O'Neill or Hugh O'Donnell are - let alone Owen Roe O'Neill. But the larger point is that many feel that our culture is less than theirs. Rather than any appreciation of the Irish Language, most are happier to have English and feel it is better. Irish is too difficult or too guttural - that is the propaganda. It is nice to have St. Patrick's Day and Riverdance but when the performance is over, Many are happy to leave it behind. Outside of publications like IA, no one is pushing rationale as to why our culture is as good and has as much to offer as anyone's. Not a culture of drinking and fighting but one of literature, language, song, etc. Until we accept that, presentations like this one will go on and be accepted.
rahogan | Feb 11, 2013, 02:15 PM EST
We have done such a poor job with our History and an even worse job with our culture. Most Irish Americans have no idea who Hugh O'Neill or Hugh O'Donnell are - let alone Owen Roe O'Neill. But the larger point is that many feel that our culture is less than theirs. Rather than any appreciation of the Irish Language, most are happier to have English and feel it is better. Irish is too difficult or too guttural - that is the propaganda. It is nice to have St. Patrick's Day and Riverdance but when the performance is over, Many are happy to leave it behind. Outside of publications like IA, no one is pushing rationale as to why our culture is as good and has as much to offer as anyone's. Not a culture of drinking and fighting but one of literature, language, song, etc. Until we accept that, presentations like this one will go on and be accepted.
johnshiel | Feb 11, 2013, 11:36 AM EST
ah, the modern face of propaganda...
Opoets99 | Feb 11, 2013, 11:19 AM EST
Washington DC rewriting history!?! Well I am shoccked and appalled. This has never happened before.!
johnshiel | Feb 11, 2013, 10:39 AM EST
"complacent colonial disinformation -- scathing clarity!...
eiriamach | Feb 11, 2013, 09:31 AM EST
The 1607 Flight of the Earls and the flight from hunger in the 1840s both figure irrepressibly in the cultural memory of American Irish. When Éamonn Ó hÚllacháin noticed on a visit to Italy that Romans still honor Julius Caesar by laying flowers on his grave, he remembered that Rome was also the burial place of Hugh O’ Neill, the exiled last Gaelic-Order chieftain of Tyrone. O’ Neill fled to Italy in 1602 after defeat at Chionn tSáile, the final battle of the Earls' Ulster uprising. He died despondent in Rome in 1616 after failing to persuade either the King of Spain or the Pope to intervene on behalf of the Gaelic Irish. Ó hÚllacháin writes in “The Flight of the Earls,” “Last year a couple of us from O’ Neill’s own territory of the Fews in South Armagh took some fuchsia from there to Rome and put them on the Irish chieftain’s grave, so that it might be known that our Caesar too has not been forgotten, even after hundreds of years” (RTE Sunday Miscellany, ed. Ní Anluain, 276). We descendants cannot forget, in some sense we inherit, exile’s sorrow, of both the chieftains and the immigrants. Folger Library staff are the caretakers -- like high priests -- of invaluable British manuscripts. We can't expect any accurate cultural memory or historical criticism from them.
eiriamach | Feb 11, 2013, 09:10 AM EST
The 1607 Flight of the Earls from oppression and the flight from hunger in the 1840s both figure prominently, irrepressibly, in the cultural memory of the Irish, including American Irish. When Éamonn Ó hÚllacháin noticed on a visit to Italy that Romans still honor Julius Caesar by laying flowers on his grave, he remembered that Rome was also the burial place of Hugh O’ Neill, the exiled last Gaelic-Order chieftain of Tyrone. O’ Neill fled to Italy after defeat in 1602 at Chionn tSáile, the final battle of the Earls’ 17th century Ulster uprising. He died despondent in Rome in 1616 after failing to persuade either the King of Spain or the Pope to intervene on behalf of the Gaelic Irish. Ó hÚllacháin writes in “The Flight of the Earls,” “Last year a couple of us from O’ Neill’s own territory of the Fews in South Armagh took some fuchsia from there to Rome and put them on the Irish chieftain’s grave, so that it might be known that our Caesar too has not been forgotten, even after hundreds of years” (RTE Sunday Miscellany: A Selection from 2004-2006. Ed. Clíodhna Ní Anluain, 276). We descendants cannot forget, in some sense we inherit, exile’s sorrow, of both the chieftains' and the immigrants'. Folger Library staff are the caretakers -- like high priests -- of invaluable British manuscripts. We can't expect any accurate cultural memory or historical criticism from them.
Buffalobrave | Feb 11, 2013, 07:39 AM EST
There was no famine in Ireland in the mid 1800s.' The English had plenty of food and no one in Ireland needed to die of starvation. There was however a potato blight at that time in Ireland. The English exported food out of Ireland for profit. As Churchill once said: "History will be kind to me, because I intent to write it."
Buffalobrave | Feb 11, 2013, 07:39 AM EST
There was no famine in Ireland in the mid 1800s.' The English had plenty of food and no one in Ireland needed to die of starvation. There was however a potato blight at that time in Ireland. The English exported food out of Ireland for profit. As Churchill once said: "History will be kind to me, because I intent to write it."
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 09:13 PM EST
The site is blocking my full response but as stated by other posters the Earls prospects were better in Euriope. British spies recorded that Hugh O'Neill was continually talking about a return to Ireland to the time of his death in Rome. The british terror state assassinated his son, who was Page to the Archduke of Brussells.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 09:06 PM EST
Anglo-Norman – “Those Earls fled, no one made them. Why did they not stay & fight to the de_th.” Because they would have been captured and exec_ted relatively quickly – a significant base of support theirs in Ulster had come over to the british side in exchange for promises of land rights which, of course, were shortly broken by the british after the flight of the Earls consistent with the anglo sense of fidelity. They had better prospects of raising support abroad – english spies reported that Hugh O’Neill continued to talk of returning until his death in Rome. The Flight of the Earls produced the likes of Owen Roe O’Neill if nothing else.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 09:04 PM EST
Anglo-Norman – “Those Earls fled, no one made them. Why did they not stay & fight to the de_th.” Because they would have been captured and executed relatively quickly – a significant base of support theirs in Ulster had come over to the british side in exchange for promises of land rights which, of course, were shortly broken by the british after the flight of the Earls consistent with the anglo sense of fidelity. They had better prospects of raising support abroad – english spies reported that Hugh O’Neill continued to talk of returning until his death in Rome. The Flight of the Earls produced the likes of Owen Roe O’Neill if nothing else.
dukmarshal@aol.com | Feb 10, 2013, 08:54 PM EST
Jacob, I think you need to review Irish history. The Flight of the Earls occurred after the Battle of Kinsale. Elizabeth I was on the throne. She succeeded Henry the VIII who founded the Church of England (in Ireland called the C of I). The plantation of Munster had already occurred where Catholic rebel's lands had been confiscated and sold to CofE loyalists from England. The Earls that fled after Kinsale escaped from the north to seek help from other Catholic countries, like France, Spain and Rome. However their lands were confiscated and the plantation of Ulster was underway and was on a much larger scale that the earlier plantations. This of course has had a major impact even to this day.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 08:27 PM EST
Anglo-Norman – “Those Earls fled, no one made them. Why did they not stay & fight to the death. Fighting Irish n all that?” Because they would have been captured and killed relatively quickly – a significant base of theirs in Ulster had come over to the british side in exchange for promises of land rights which, of course, were shortly broken by the british terror state after the flight of the Earls consistent with the anglo sense of fidelity. They had better prospects of raising support abroad – English spies reported that Hugh O’Neill continued to talk of returning until his death in Rome. The Flight of the Earls produced the likes of Owen Roe O’Neill if nothing else.
warrenpoint00 | Feb 10, 2013, 07:56 PM EST
british spin doctors again defending their imperialist rule, of rape,pillage and theft of the Irish people and their land, aided of course by a pro british government that now holds office in that same land.Do they not understand that they are singing to the choir. Thank god for our brave Irish scholars and soldiers that still exist, to preserve our nation and our history. Funny how manure and the british are inextricably linked, in the topic of world history.
Searlit | Feb 10, 2013, 07:22 PM EST
The exibit sounds like horse manure rather than history.
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 05:44 PM EST
Mr Ed on a rant again... Grow Up sean please.
mairint | Feb 10, 2013, 05:43 PM EST
You do not have to go to the U.S. for that malforming of history. Some years back I visited the Emigration museaum / tableau in Cobh. It portrayed emigrant ships in famine times. Nowhere was it mentioned that the English were shipping out of Ireland all other forms of food, crops, dairy etc. while the Irish were starving. That is how they 'ruled'. Hard, cruel. Has the English government, or the Queen, ever apologised for the hundreds of years of forced occupancy and the atrocities committed?
seanomelb | Feb 10, 2013, 05:30 PM EST
typical! grovelling anglophiles in the U.S. demeaning the Irish and rewriting history to please their British overlords, Nothing new in that I suppose. And the grovelling west brit Finn Gaelers give it their imprimatur.
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 05:10 PM EST
or Gerry Adams? Bobby Sands?
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 05:07 PM EST
Stiofain- like wofe Tone,Robert Emmett,Parnell,George Plant,Jack White,& numerous other anglo-norman's?
Stiofain | Feb 10, 2013, 04:49 PM EST
WoundedKnee: Don't be so hard on Anglo-Norman, by his name he admits his/her view of history.
hughaed | Feb 10, 2013, 04:45 PM EST
The English have a penchant for rewriting history to suit their view that they were benevolent landlords & a benevolent government in their colonies. When self-serving historians create a mirage of the past some people who want to believe this "conventional" history will believe it, no matter that it is self-delusion at its worst. The British Empire in India is another example of a brutal legacy where misrule & neglect by the British was widespread. Ireland was England's first colony & Northern Ireland will be its last. Whatever wisdom is in the body politic of modern England was not there when military aristocracies ruled from the 16th-20th centuries. The brutality involving the invasion of Ireland meant that 9/10th of the land was confiscated for protestant landlords. Cloughaneely, Donegal, my family's home for several hundred years, had landlords who were given land by confiscation (as well as all the subsequent rents) by William of Orange. That kind of usurpation of land was done with a pretense of legality & the long term consequences did not cease until the 20th century. In all that time anger simmered beneath the surface of those who were in servitude to the hated landlord system that not only had confiscated most of the land but then demanded exorbitant rents to maintain the lifestyle of a landed aristocracy. After the great famine the resentment festered until erupting in 1916. If the museum mentioned is attempting to whitewash the real history of the landlord system then there should be massive protests & some Irish historians who know the real history should speak out loud & clear.
hughaed | Feb 10, 2013, 04:45 PM EST
The English have a penchant for rewriting history to suit their view that they were benevolent landlords & a benevolent government in their colonies. When self-serving historians create a mirage of the past some people who want to believe this "conventional" history will believe it, no matter that it is self-delusion at its worst. The British Empire in India is another example of a brutal legacy where misrule & neglect by the British was widespread. Ireland was England's first colony & Northern Ireland will be its last. Whatever wisdom is in the body politic of modern England was not there when military aristocracies ruled from the 16th-20th centuries. The brutality involving the invasion of Ireland meant that 9/10th of the land was confiscated for protestant landlords. Cloughaneely, Donegal, my family's home for several hundred years, had landlords who were given land by confiscation (as well as all the subsequent rents) by William of Orange. That kind of usurpation of land was done with a pretense of legality & the long term consequences did not cease until the 20th century. In all that time anger simmered beneath the surface of those who were in servitude to the hated landlord system that not only had confiscated most of the land but then demanded exorbitant rents to maintain the lifestyle of a landed aristocracy. After the great famine the resentment festered until erupting in 1916. If the museum mentioned is attempting to whitewash the real history of the landlord system then there should be massive protests & some Irish historians who know the real history should speak out loud & clear.
hughaed | Feb 10, 2013, 04:45 PM EST
The English have a penchant for rewriting history to suit their view that they were benevolent landlords & a benevolent government in their colonies. When self-serving historians create a mirage of the past some people who want to believe this "conventional" history will believe it, no matter that it is self-delusion at its worst. The British Empire in India is another example of a brutal legacy where misrule & neglect by the British was widespread. Ireland was England's first colony & Northern Ireland will be its last. Whatever wisdom is in the body politic of modern England was not there when military aristocracies ruled from the 16th-20th centuries. The brutality involving the invasion of Ireland meant that 9/10th of the land was confiscated for protestant landlords. Cloughaneely, Donegal, my family's home for several hundred years, had landlords who were given land by confiscation (as well as all the subsequent rents) by William of Orange. That kind of usurpation of land was done with a pretense of legality & the long term consequences did not cease until the 20th century. In all that time anger simmered beneath the surface of those who were in servitude to the hated landlord system that not only had confiscated most of the land but then demanded exorbitant rents to maintain the lifestyle of a landed aristocracy. After the great famine the resentment festered until erupting in 1916. If the museum mentioned is attempting to whitewash the real history of the landlord system then there should be massive protests & some Irish historians who know the real history should speak out loud & clear.
hughaed | Feb 10, 2013, 04:45 PM EST
The English have a penchant for rewriting history to suit their view that they were benevolent landlords & a benevolent government in their colonies. When self-serving historians create a mirage of the past some people who want to believe this "conventional" history will believe it, no matter that it is self-delusion at its worst. The British Empire in India is another example of a brutal legacy where misrule & neglect by the British was widespread. Ireland was England's first colony & Northern Ireland will be its last. Whatever wisdom is in the body politic of modern England was not there when military aristocracies ruled from the 16th-20th centuries. The brutality involving the invasion of Ireland meant that 9/10th of the land was confiscated for protestant landlords. Cloughaneely, Donegal, my family's home for several hundred years, had landlords who were given land by confiscation (as well as all the subsequent rents) by William of Orange. That kind of usurpation of land was done with a pretense of legality & the long term consequences did not cease until the 20th century. In all that time anger simmered beneath the surface of those who were in servitude to the hated landlord system that not only had confiscated most of the land but then demanded exorbitant rents to maintain the lifestyle of a landed aristocracy. After the great famine the resentment festered until erupting in 1916. If the museum mentioned is attempting to whitewash the real history of the landlord system then there should be massive protests & some Irish historians who know the real history should speak out loud & clear.
RavenEire75 | Feb 10, 2013, 04:44 PM EST
Well this is a tad infuriating ,isn't it.That needs corrected. The museum has the same twisted logic as Charles Trevelyan did. And notice all the loyalist and English misinformation trolls on Irish Central,always trying to re-write Irish history as if the British establishment did no wrong...
padraigocleirigh | Feb 10, 2013, 04:07 PM EST
The Earls, Rory O'Donnell and Hugh O'Neill, left Ireland because they believed the English king, James I-VI, was ready to order either their execution or imprisonment for life in Tower of London. O'Neill had spies at court. He knew the king's attitude toward him had changed from favorable to bad. O'Neill knew it was time to leave. He died in 1616 in hope of returning as leader of an invasion force. It was his nephew, Owen Roe O'Neill, who led the Northern Army against the English. Owen Roe was so successful that the English poisoned him. Stella O'Leary is correct: English policy was extirpation of the Gaelic Irish and their ways.
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 03:54 PM EST
Smyrnian- Why didn't the Earls come back & fight for Ireland?
Smyrnian | Feb 10, 2013, 03:33 PM EST
Anglophile - the English had killed enough.
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 03:02 PM EST
Those Earls fled, no one made them. Why did they not stay & fight to the death. Fighting Irish n all that?
STEVENSTAR | Feb 10, 2013, 02:45 PM EST
AMERICANS ARE SOOO DRAMATIC !!!
WoundedKnee | Feb 10, 2013, 02:23 PM EST
I would recommend those people who need a quick study of the Departure of the Earls (the Irish language word Imeacht does NOT translate as flight) check out the site theflightoftheearls dot net. Anglo-norman, you appear to know nothing about this subject--spend an hour or two reading up on it before offering us your inanities again.
anglo-norman | Feb 10, 2013, 01:53 PM EST
Those Earls Chose themselves to abandon their own people at the end of the day..
stampl1 | Feb 10, 2013, 01:43 PM EST
This is exactly like saying that the United States has always had a passive and peaceful view of Native Americans and they all voluntarily left their lands for poverty and death because they understood the Americans were more civilized. This rewriting of history is disgusting and does no one justice. How can we learn from the mistakes of the past if we continually try to erase the past? I know there is a big push in schools in the U.S. to not teach slavery because it is "horrific and embarrassing" but it is part of our history that we need to embrace. The Civil Rights movement looks totally different when you take out history of slavery and reconstruction.
stampl1 | Feb 10, 2013, 01:43 PM EST
This is exactly like saying that the United States has always had a passive and peaceful view of Native Americans and they all voluntarily left their lands for poverty and death because they understood the Americans were more civilized. This rewriting of history is disgusting and does no one justice. How can we learn from the mistakes of the past if we continually try to erase the past? I know there is a big push in schools in the U.S. to not teach slavery because it is "horrific and embarrassing" but it is part of our history that we need to embrace. The Civil Rights movement looks totally different when you take out history of slavery and reconstruction.
stampl1 | Feb 10, 2013, 01:43 PM EST
This is exactly like saying that the United States has always had a passive and peaceful view of Native Americans and they all voluntarily left their lands for poverty and death because they understood the Americans were more civilized. This rewriting of history is disgusting and does no one justice. How can we learn from the mistakes of the past if we continually try to erase the past? I know there is a big push in schools in the U.S. to not teach slavery because it is "horrific and embarrassing" but it is part of our history that we need to embrace. The Civil Rights movement looks totally different when you take out history of slavery and reconstruction.
mlchellus | Feb 10, 2013, 01:36 PM EST
Irish Holocaust- Push to Educate the Facts PLEASE CONTACT with your outrage !: Folger Shakespeare Library - 201 East Capitol Street, SE - Washington, DC 20003 webmaster@folger.edu Administrative Offices Phone: (202) 544–4600 Fax: (202) 544–4623
Seanmor | Feb 10, 2013, 01:30 PM EST
Volumes could be written about the conquering Anglos & their Irish-born descendants and their treatment of the Irish Gaels. One period of Irish history is scarcely mention in the above article: the 1700s. the all-Protestand Irish Parliament became increasingly nationalistic toward the end of that century, and in 1782 it won Legislative Independence for Ireland under the leadership of Henry Grattan. For the next 18 years Ireland made great avances, pooltically, ecomonically and culturally. Most of the famous Georgian homes in Dublin were build, the Bank of Ireland was established, and Catholics were granted the vote, but England's king disallowed it. Some historians believe that this was a major cause of the 1798 Rebellion, in which Anglo- Protestants played a leading role.
bunkerisland | Feb 10, 2013, 01:17 PM EST
And Cromwell was a kind and loving man objecting to slaughter so that the Irish could spend some time in Barbados planting sugar.
TOMMY60438 | Feb 10, 2013, 12:27 PM EST
THE FOLGER SHAKESPEARE LIBRARY , has a face book page. There you can read the outline of the Irish expo there. I left a few remarks for them there. Feel free to follow suit. I would like to see alot of yous flood the page. thank you
Smyrnian | Feb 10, 2013, 12:21 PM EST
Well, WoundedKnee, we don't always agree but we are both in agreement in this one. Good post.
WoundedKnee | Feb 10, 2013, 12:15 PM EST
The stupid fools from Oireland who support this exhibition are probably too ignorant to know the history of this period. Here's somewhere to start--the massacre of Rathlin Island. I can't post a link--look it up, you Dublin clowns.
WoundedKnee | Feb 10, 2013, 12:09 PM EST
I commend Owens for taking exception to this charade. And, as one or two other posters have indicated, there is nothing surprising in the actions of the quisling Dublin government, the same people who are every day expediting the export of young Irish men and women and promoting the importation of a hundred non-Irish nationalities to take their place. Whenever events around the time of the Departure of the Earls are invoked, I always find myself bringing up the contrast between English colonialism in Ireland and Spanish colonialism in Latin America. And it is a huge contrast. The Spaniards committed many wrongs, but many of them respected the cultures they were supplanting. A significant number of Spaniards wrote anthropological books about the Native Americans they encountered, published dictionaries of languages such as Nahuatl and Quechua, and demanded just treatment of the Native Americans. In contrast, the English in Ireland were just murderers and ethnic cleansers.
WoundedKnee | Feb 10, 2013, 12:00 PM EST
I've seen a lot of stupid posts on Irish Central, but for sheer swinish ignorance I don't think I have seen anything to match that by poster Jacob. I'm not going to take apart his drivel--I don't make it a habit to dissect excrement--but anyone who thinks the Earls were "mythological" is beyond normal rational discourse. I'd bet Jacob is Irish, as the Irish are increasingly marked by bottomless ignorance of the history of their country.
slainte9 | Feb 10, 2013, 11:33 AM EST
The ghost of Roger Casement is banging at the door.
irismonkey48 | Feb 10, 2013, 11:30 AM EST
No matter all the terrible things the Brits inflicted upon the Irish, attempting genocide, shipping them off as slaves, labeling them as sub-humans etc, the Irish have prospered and are showing the world what a wonderful people they are. The truth is coming out museums like this will go down as being completely false.
Smyrnian | Feb 10, 2013, 11:30 AM EST
Jacob - learn history. Also, not about religion. The earls were local Irish chieftains not foreign invaders. You have no clue.
cillowen | Feb 10, 2013, 11:29 AM EST
testy
cillowen | Feb 10, 2013, 11:29 AM EST
what would you expect from up the kirster's anglophile fawners - no surprise here. Did you know about Irish slavery? It seems that Irish slavery has escaped many texts, and therefore the entire education of many. Surprised to learn that there were Irish Slaves in the Caribbean?
cillowen | Feb 10, 2013, 11:28 AM EST
what would expect from up the kirster's anglophile fawners - no surprise here. Did you know about Irish slavery? It seems that Irish slavery has escaped many texts, and therefore the entire education of many. Surprised to learn that there were Irish Slaves in the Caribbean?
SeamusMor | Feb 10, 2013, 11:19 AM EST
"Success is the best revenge!" We are 70 million strong, making the world a better place everywhere we go. God bless the Irish!
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 11:11 AM EST
“Ironically, the Irish government has been supportive of the exhibition which runs through May and will be in D.C. over the St. Patrick’s period.” Any one who understands the dynamics of Irish institutions realizes that this is not ironic at all but standard operating procedure. The anglo oriented Dublin establishment has always promoted and exploited post-colonial self hatr_d. In the establishment, rac_st hatchet jobs such as Foster’s “Oxford History of Ireland” are considered the objective gospel truth. Maybe that ought to have an exhibit where the grievances the American colonials used to justify their vi_lent rebellion are compared to what was inflicted on the Irish.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 11:09 AM EST
“Ironically, the Irish government has been supportive of the exhibition which runs through May and will be in D.C. over the St. Patrick’s period.” Any one who understands the dynamics of Irish institutions realizes that this is not ironic at all but standard operating procedure. The anglo oriented Dublin establishment has always promoted and exploited post-colonial self hatr_d. In the establishment, rac_st hatchet jobs such as Foster’s “Oxford History of Ireland” are considered the objective gospel truth. Maybe that ought to have an exhibit where the grievance of the American colonials used to justify their vi_lent rebellion are compared to what was inflicted on the Irish.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 11:08 AM EST
One has to wonder why a museum with an ostensible mission of preserving and advancing the understanding of works of literature has sunken to becoming a mouthpiece of bigoted british propaganda.
curtisjohnson | Feb 10, 2013, 11:01 AM EST
“Ironically, the Irish government has been supportive of the exhibition which runs through May and will be in D.C. over the St. Patrick’s period.” Any one who understands the dynamics of Irish institutions realizes that this is not ironic at all but standard operating procedure. The anglo oriented Dublin establishment has always promoted and exploited post-colonial self hatr_d. In the establishment, rac_st hatchet jobs such as Foster’s “Oxford History of Ireland” are considered the objective gospel truth. Maybe that ought to have an exhibit where the grievance of the American colonials used to justify their violent rebellion are compared to what was inflicted on the Irish.
Rebelforce | Feb 10, 2013, 10:52 AM EST
An outrage. Too bad Irish-Americans don't have an anti-Defamation league like the Jews or an NAACP like African-Americans to defend themselves against these insults. All the Irish have are impotent St Patricks day parade committees it seems.
Springfield9 | Feb 10, 2013, 10:44 AM EST
What else is new? America has loved kissing English a$$ since World War I.
dublinshea | Feb 10, 2013, 10:38 AM EST
jacob where is anyone argueing for a justification for hate? this article and the comments are about a misrepresentation of facts. On who gave the right for the earls to rule that would have been there clans who elected their leadership. don't expect you to be familiar with the rules in ireland and the time given that that civilization got wiped out. And what is supposed about the english - irish conflict. the conflict is more about democracy than religion. again the earls where not mythological, flesh and blood people.
pilib04 | Feb 10, 2013, 10:20 AM EST
Owens deserves our thanks and appreciation. He was paying attention while many (including the blue shirt Taoiseach)were simply getting along to go along. This current crop of Gombeenmen hope to stay in power until April 8, 2016. The Blueshirt goal is to hold power until after the 100th anniversary of the Easter Rising (March 28, 2016).
Jacob | Feb 10, 2013, 10:03 AM EST
It would be a bit silly if British people justified hatred of the French on the grounds of the Norman Conquest, and equally silly for Irish people to get aggravated about the 'expulsion of the Earls.' (Who gave those Earls the right to rule anyway?) The origin of supposed English-Irish conflict is much more recent and has a lot to do with religious conflict. If you're not all that excited by the difference between RC and CofE (or can't remember what the differences are) there isn't any need to resurrect mythological Earls.
zagloba | Feb 10, 2013, 09:50 AM EST
I haven't seen the exhibit, but I must wonder whether Oliver Cromwell is portrayed as an agent of pacification, or someone who only wanted to cooperate with the native Irish and his Ango Irish opponents. There's a verse in an old Irish tune which satirically praised Mother England: who "Gently raised us from the slime, and kept our hands from hellish crime, and she sent us to heaven in her own good time." Maybe the historian involved here didn't get the joke.
donal1951 | Feb 10, 2013, 09:49 AM EST
We have entered a new era of cooperation between Britain and Ireland, it'strue. But that is no excuse to rewrite history and ignore the facts. Good job Mr O'Dowd. I also congratulate you for showing the junior staff you can still write a heck of a good story.
CelticJammer | Feb 10, 2013, 09:43 AM EST
Americans are not blinded by the inaccurate portrayals of history. Remember they fought two wars of oppression against the Britsh Empire, the Revolution and the War of 1812. By the way, the Americans were successful in both campaigns.
Joe Kelsall | Feb 10, 2013, 09:09 AM EST
The Americans would have learned more by studying Belfast Mural artists street art on 'The Flight of Earls'. It was painted by Danny Devenny and I presume viewable on Google. I recommend it for their edification.